Hausa

Alamun kiɗa

Alamun maimaitawa

Hanyoyin rubutu shida da ke faɗin tsarin da ake buga ma’aunai — kowane sau biyu: kamar yadda aka buga shi da kuma a rubuce cikakke, ana iya sauraron dukansu.

Alamun maimaitawa suna tanadin takarda. Ba sa canja ko sauti ɗaya, sai kawai tsarin da ake buga ma’aunan da aka rubuta: daga ma’aunai uku da aka buga sai ma’aunai biyar da ake bugawa su fito, daga huɗu sai takwas. Shi ne ainihin dalilin da ya sa ake karanta su ba daidai ba sau da yawa — abin da ake gani ya fi ƙanƙanta da abin da ake bugawa.

Saboda haka kowane yanayi a wannan shafi yana tsaye sau biyu: sau ɗaya kamar yadda aka buga shi da kuma sau ɗaya a rubuce cikakke. A cikin hoton da aka bazu, kowane ma’auni yana riƙe lambar da yake da ita a hoton da aka buga. Wanda ya karanta layin lambobi a ƙasansa yana ganin hanyar; wanda ya danna maɓallin yana jin ta.

Kowane ma’auni yana da tsayin sautinsa kuma yana dawwama tsawon cikakkiyar nota. Wannan ba kiɗa ba ne sai dai alamar hanya: ta wannan hanya kaɗai ake jin wane ma’auni ke ƙara yanzu.

Alamar maimaitawa

Digo biyu gaban layin ma’auni suna cewa: koma farkon kuma sau ɗaya kuma. In alamar buɗewa ba ta nan, ana komawa farkon waƙar. A karo na biyu ana wucewa da digon kuma ana ci gaba kai tsaye — in ba haka ba da ba za a taɓa isa ƙarshe ba.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 1 2 3

Hanyar: 1 2 1 2 3

Sassa biyu a jere

Idan a layin ma’auni ɗaya aka haɗu da ma’aurata digo masu rufewa da masu buɗewa, wani sashe da ake maimaitawa ya ƙare kuma na gaba ya fara. Wannan shi ne siffar da aka saba ta menuet ko ta sashen rawa: sassa biyu, kowanne shi kaɗai ana buga shi sau biyu.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 4
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4

Hanyar: 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4

Baka na farko da na biyu

Baka da ke saman ma’aunan ƙarshe suna faɗin abin da ake bugawa a zagaye na farko da abin da ake bugawa a na biyu. A karo na farko bakan da aka yi masa alama da ɗaya shi ne yake aiki sannan sai tsallaken komawa baya; a karo na biyu ana tsallake shi kuma a ci gaba a bakan da aka yi masa alama da biyu.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 1 3 2 4
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 1 2 4

Hanyar: 1 2 3 1 2 4

Da capo (D.C.)

A ƙarshe akwai Da Capo al Fine: fara daga sama sannan ka tsaya a kalmar Fine. Fine tana tsaye a tsakiyar waƙar ba a ƙarshenta ba — a zagaye na farko ana wucewa da ita, a na biyu ita ce ƙarshen.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 Fine 3 D.C. al Fine
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 1 2

Hanyar: 1 2 3 1 2

Dal segno (D.S.)

Dal Segno al Fine ba ya aika zuwa farkon sai dai zuwa alamar da ke tsaye wani wuri a cikin waƙar. Daga nan ana bugawa sau ɗaya kuma har sai an isa Fine. Wannan yana tanadin gabatarwar idan ya kamata ta ƙara sau ɗaya kawai.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 Fine 4 D.S. al Fine
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 4 2 3

Hanyar: 1 2 3 4 2 3

Coda

Dal Segno al Coda yana tsallakewa komawa ga alamar sannan, idan aka isa To Coda a karo na biyu, sai ya fita zuwa coda — ƙarshen nasa na kansa. Abin da ke tsaye tsakanin To Coda da coda ana tsallake shi a wannan zagaye na biyu. Ta haka waƙa takan sami ƙarshe da yake faruwa sau ɗaya kawai.

Kamar yadda aka buga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 To Coda 3 D.S. al Coda 4
A rubuce cikakke
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b 1 2 3 2 4

Hanyar: 1 2 3 2 4

Yadda ake karanta alamar tsallake

Dukkan alamun tsallake suna bin ka’ida ɗaya: ana buga gaba har sai wata kalma ta faɗi wani abu daban, sai a tsallaka sau ɗaya inda kalmar ke nunawa, daga nan kuma a ci gaba kai tsaye. Ana bin alama SAU ɗaya kawai — lokacin wucewa kusa da ita a karo na gaba, an riga an yi amfani da ita. Wanda ya manta da hakan yana makale a cikin da’ira.

Kalmomin suna tsaye da Italiyanci a kowane bugu a duniya, kamar forte da piano: da capo yana nufin tun daga farko, dal segno daga alamar, fine ƙarshe, al fine har zuwa ƙarshe. Ba a fassara su ba, domin na rubutun nota ne ba na matani ba.

Ana karanta tsallaken zuwa coda sau biyu: a zagaye na farko To Coda bayani ne kawai a gefe kuma ana wucewa da shi. Bayan tsallaken komawa baya, shi ne wurin fita — daga nan ana ci gaba a alamar coda. Abin da ke tsakaninsu ana tsallake shi a karo na biyu; domin wannan ne coda take.

Alamu biyu waɗanda ba na nan ba ne

Alamu biyu ana jefa su cikin buhu ɗaya da alamun tsallake cikin farin ciki, ko da yake wani aiki daban suke yi. Maimaita sanda yana tsayawa a madadin ma’auni da ke ƙara daidai kamar wanda ya gabace shi — yana tanadin rubutu a cikin layi, amma ba ya mayar da kowa baya. Kuma Buguwar farawa ba alamar maimaitawa ba ce ko kaɗan sai dai ma’auni marar cika a farkon; yayin maimaitawa, ma’auni marar cika na farko da ma’auni na ƙarshe sau da yawa suna cika juna su zama ma’auni ɗaya cikakke.

Alamun kiɗa · Salon buga · Ado · Kamus ɗin kiɗa

Anotona na yi maka wannan

Ɗauki hoton takardar waƙa ko ka kaɗa waƙar — Anotona na gane maɓallin, ta rubuta sautuka, ta kuma mayar da su zuwa kowane maɓalli. Kyauta.

Duba Anotona

An lissafa kowane sauti a wannan shafi, ba a kwafa shi ba.