Hausa

Alamun kiɗa

Sauti ɗaya, sunaye biyu

Ma’aurata biyar don saurara: maɓalli ɗaya sau biyu, hotuna biyu daban-daban na nota. Sautin ɗaya ne, rubutun kuwa a’a.

A kan piyano, tsakanin C da D akwai maɓalli baƙi ɗaya kaɗai. Idan aka rubuta shi, sai ya zama abu biyu: C da aka ɗaga ko D da aka saukar. Rubuce-rubucen biyu suna yin sauti ɗaya — ana kiran su enharmonik.

A wannan shafi kowane ma’aurata suna tsaye sau biyu gefe da gefe. Wanda ya saurari hotunan biyu yana jin sauti ɗaya; wanda ya kalle su yana ganin nota biyu daban: kan yana zaune mataki ɗaya sama ko ƙasa, a gabansa kuma wata alama ta daban ke tsaye. Wannan bambanci ne aka auna a nan — tsayin daga sautin, wurin kan da alamar kuma daga hoton da aka buga.

Rubutu ba batun so ba ne. Yana faɗin daga ina sautin ya fito da inda yake zuwa: a cikin muƙamin da yake da sharp yana ɗauke da suna ɗaya, a cikin wanda yake da flat kuma wani suna, a cikin jerin kaɗe-kaɗe kuwa yana samun suna bisa ga aikinsa. Wanda ya zaɓi rubutun da bai dace ba, yana kaɗawa daidai, amma abin da ya rubuta ya sha bamban da abin da yake nufi.

Maɓalli baƙi

Yanayin da ya fi yawa kuma ya fi sauƙi: maɓallin da yake tsakanin sautuka biyu na asali ba shi da nasa harafi, don haka yakan ara ɗaya daga maƙwabta — sau ɗaya daga ƙasa da ɗagawa, sau ɗaya daga sama da saukarwa. A hoton, kan notar yana tsalle mataki ɗaya, alamar kuma ta sauya hanya.

C da aka ɗaga
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D da aka saukar
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Sharp a kan maɓalli fari

Tsakanin E da F babu maɓalli baƙi, tazarar rabin sauti ce tuni. Saboda haka E da aka ɗaga yakan sauka a kan maɓallin da ko yaya ake kiransa F. Yana kama da ƙari alhali ba ƙari ba ne: a cikin matakan sauti da suke buƙatar E, abin da ke tsaye a can shi ne E da aka ɗaga — in ba haka ba harafi ɗaya zai zo sau biyu wani kuma bai zo ko kaɗan ba.

E da aka ɗaga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

F
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Ƙetare iyakar oktaba

Haka nan a gefen sama na oktaba: daga B zuwa C rabin sauti ne, don haka B da aka ɗaga yakan faɗa kan C da ke sama. A nan kan ba ya matsawa mataki ɗaya kawai, yana sauya oktaba — a cikin sautin ba a jin komai, a cikin hoton kuwa ana ganin komai.

B da aka ɗaga
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

C
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Flat a kan maɓalli fari

Haka kuma a hanya ta baya: C da aka saukar yakan faɗa kan maɓallin da ke ƙasa. Kan yana tsaye a lokacin mataki ɗaya sama da maƙwabcinsa mai sauti iri ɗaya, a gabansa kuma akwai flat. Irin waɗannan rubuce-rubuce ba safai ba ne, amma ba kuskure ba ne — sukan bayyana inda muƙamin ya buƙace su.

C da aka saukar
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

B
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Sharp ninki biyu

Ɗagawa biyu a lokaci ɗaya suna ɗaga sautin cikakken mataki ɗaya: kan yana zama a matakinsa, abin da ake dannawa kuwa maɓallin maƙwabci ne. Sharp ninki biyu yana kama da ƙaramin giciye mai karkata kuma kusan a wurin da matakan sauti cike da sharp suke buƙatar riƙe tsarin haruffansu ne kaɗai yake tsayawa.

F da aka ɗaga sau biyu
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

G
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Muƙamai biyu, maɓallai iri ɗaya

F♯ major: sharp shida
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

G♭ major: flat shida — maɓallai iri ɗaya
Engraved by Verovio 6.3.0-425dd7b

Abin da ya shafi sauti ɗaya ya shafi cikakken muƙami. F♯ major da G♭ major suna danna maɓalli bayan maɓalli abu ɗaya — ba kamanceceniya suke yi ba a ji, sai dai daidai suke. A hoton nota ɗaya yana tsaye da sharp shida, ɗayan kuma da flat shida.

Wanne za a ɗauka, abin da ke kewaye ne ke yanke shawara: waƙar da ta fito daga B major tana ci gaba da rubuta sharp; wadda take nufin D♭ major tana rubuta flat. Sau biyun duk sautin ɗaya ne, kuma sau biyun ɗaya kaɗai daga cikin rubuce-rubucen ne ya dace da kansa.

Me ke tsaye a gefe

Waɗanne alamu ne ke ɗaga da saukar da sautin kuma har yaushe suke aiki, hakan yana wurin Alamun sauya. Wane muƙami ne yake da nawa daga cikinsu kuma yadda suke haɗuwa da juna, hakan yana wurin Maɓallai.

Alamun kiɗa · Maɓallai · Kamus ɗin kiɗa

Anotona na yi maka wannan

Ɗauki hoton takardar waƙa ko ka kaɗa waƙar — Anotona na gane maɓallin, ta rubuta sautuka, ta kuma mayar da su zuwa kowane maɓalli. Kyauta.

Duba Anotona

An lissafa kowane sauti a wannan shafi, ba a kwafa shi ba.