Mawonekedwe a nyimbo — mmene nyimbo imamangidwira

Njira zisanu ndi chimodzi zomangira pa mawu amodzi: chobwerezedwa, chobwerera, chobwerera chitasinthidwa — ndi chimene chimaima pa mlingo wina wa mawu.

Nyimbo ndi chinthu chachikulu kuposa mzere wa mawu. Ili ndi mamangidwe: chinachake chimabwerera, chinachake chimaima pakati pa kubwerera, chinachake chimabweranso mu mawonekedwe osinthika. Mamangidwe amenewa amatchedwa mawonekedwe, ndipo ndi chifukwa chake nyimbo ya mphindi zitatu simveka ngati mphindi zitatu za mwayi wamba.

Patsamba lino mawu osavuta amodzi aimapo kasanu ndi kamodzi, ndipo nthawi iliyonse amangidwa mwa njira ina. Chomwe chimasintha sichili mu mawu koma mu dongosolo lawo — ndipo ndi chimenecho chomwe chingawerengedwe.

Zithunzi zinasemedwa ndi kuyezedwa kwenikweni: zilembo zomwe zili pamwamba pa gawo lililonse, mizere iwiri pakati pawo ndi dongosolo la mawu la gawo lililonse zili mu chithunzi ndiponso mu phokoso, ndipo zonse ziwiri zingayikidwe pafupi.

Ostinato

Pansi pamayenda mawonekedwe afupi, ndipo amayenda mofanana nthawi zonse. Pamwamba pake mawu amapita patsogolo mwaufulu. Mawonekedwewo sasintha, amangoima basi — ndipo pamene akuyenda, amanyamula zonse zomwe zili pamwamba pake. Amene amadziwa mawonekedwe a beesi a nyimbo za lero amadziwa ostinato.

Mawonekedwe a nyimbo — mmene nyimbo imamangidwira — Magawo atatu a kamvekedwe: pansi katatu mawonekedwe amodzi, pamwamba mawu aufulu

Kanoni

Mawu amodzi omwewo kawiri, koma osati nthawi imodzi: mawu achiwiri amayamba mochedwa, ndipo kenako amaimba chimodzimodzi mawu ndi mawu. Chomwe chimamveka limodzi pamenepo, palibe amene anachiganizira padera — chimabadwa chifukwa mawu amodzi amadziperekeza okha.

Mawu awiri, wachiwiri amalowa atatha kugunda kawiri ndi mawu amodzi omwewo

Mawonekedwe a kaimbidwe

Magawo atatu, ndipo loyamba limabwerera kumapeto osasintha. Pakati pawo chinthu china chimaima, kuti kubwerera kumveke kwenikweni ngati kubwerera. Mamangidwe osavuta kwambiri omwe amamveka ngati chinthu chathunthu, ndipo ndi chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Magawo atatu okhala ndi zilembo A, B ndi A, olekanitsidwa ndi mizere iwiri

Rondo

Gawo limodzi limabwerera kangapo, ndipo pakati pa kuonekera kwake chinthu chatsopano chimaima nthawi iliyonse. Chomwe chimabwerera chimagwirizanitsa nyimbo, chomwe chili pakati chimayendetsa. Pamene gawo lobwerera libwera kawirikawiri, wakumvetsera amaliyembekezera kwambiri.

Magawo asanu: gawo lobwerera katatu, pakati kawiri chinthu chatsopano

Mutu ndi kusintha

Mutu umaima pachiyambi mosavuta kwambiri. Kenako umabwerera — utakongoletsedwa, utazunguliridwa, utamasulidwa kukhala mitengo yaying’ono ya nthawi. Malo otsamira amakhala omwewo, apo ayi sikanakhalanso mutu; zonse zomwe zili pakati pawo ndi zatsopano. Nchifukwa chake gawo lachiwiri limatchedwa A wokhala ndi chizindikiro.

Mutu mu mawu a kotala, kenako mawu omwewo ozunguliridwa ndi mawu a gawo limodzi mwa asanu ndi atatu

Mawonekedwe a sonata

Mitu iwiri, ndipo pachiyambi imaima pa milingo yosiyana ya mawu: woyamba pa mlingo woyambira, wachiwiri pamwamba. Pakati amagwira ntchito ndi onse awiri. Kumapeto onse awiri amabwerera, ndipo tsopano wachiwiri amaimanso pa mlingo woyambira — kufanana kumeneku ndiko tanthauzo lonse la mawonekedwewa.

Magawo asanu: mitu iwiri, gawo limodzi lapakati, kenako mitu yonse iwiri kachiwiri

Mawonekedwe asanu ndi limodzi pa kuyang’ana kamodzi

Mzere uliwonse umatchula dzina la mamangidwe ndipo umanenanso chomwe chimazindikiritsa mu chithunzi. Mizere ya zilembo imaima motero pamwamba pa zithunzi za tsamba lino; inawerengedwa, sinaganizidwe chabe.

Mawonekedwe	Mamangidwe	Chimene chizindikiritsa
Ostinato	Mawonekedwe amodzi, oyenda mosalekeza	Mawu a pansi amaimba dongosolo la mawu limodzi katatu
Kanoni	Mawu amodzi, kawiri, osunthidwa	Mawu achiwiri amabwereza oyamba atatha kugunda kawiri
Mawonekedwe a kaimbidwe	A B A	Gawo loyamba ndi lachitatu amamveka mofanana mawu ndi mawu
Rondo	A B A C A	Gawo limodzi limamveka katatu, osasintha
Mutu ndi kusintha	A A′	Mawu aliwonse achinayi a kusintha ndi mawu a mutu
Mawonekedwe a sonata	A B C A B	Mutu wachiwiri umamveka pamwamba poyamba ndipo pa mlingo woyambira kumapeto

Mmene mawonekedwe amawerengedwera

Magawo amalandira chilembo: loyamba limatchedwa A, lotsatira losiyana B, lotsatira losiyananso C. Gawo likabwerera, limalandiranso chilembo chake chakale — choncho mawonekedwe a nyimbo amawerengedwa A B A ndipo rondo A B A C A. Ngati libwerera litasinthidwa, limalandira chizindikiro china.

Mu kalembedwe ka mawu mizere iwiri imalekanitsa magawo, ndipo kumapeto kumaima mzere wotsiriza wokhuthala. Palibe pa awiriwa chokongoletsa: mzere wa iwiri umanena kuti pano china chatsopano chikuyamba, nyimbo osaima.

Awiri mwa asanu ndi mmodzi sanyamula zilembo, chifukwa alibe magawo. Mu ostinato mawonekedwe amodzi amayenda osasintha, ndipo pamwamba pake chinthu china chimasuntha; mu kanoni mawu achiwiri amaimba mawu amodzi omwewo, koma mochedwa. Mamangidwe awo amaima wina pa mnzake, osati wina pambuyo pa mnzake.

Chomwe chili pafupi

Mmene mizere imasandukira mawu: Phunzirani kuwerenga nyimbo. Wokhwima kwambiri pa mawonekedwe onse, ndi kusintha kasanu ndi kamodzi kwa mutu umodzi: Fuga. Mmene angawerengere gawo limodzi la kamvekedwe asanawerenge gawo lonse: Zizindikiro za nthawi.

Zizindikiro za noti · Mawu a nyimbo

Anotona amakuchitirani izi

Jambulani pepala la nyimbo kapena imbani nyimboyo — Anotona amazindikira kiyi, amalemba mawu a nyimbo, ndipo amawasuntha ku kiyi ina iliyonse. Kwaulere.

Onani Anotona

Mawu aliwonse a nyimbo patsamba lino anawerengedwa, sanakopedwe kwina.