Mmene amaimbira
Zizindikiro zisanu ndi ziwiri pa mawu anayi omwewo, zonse zingamveke: kanayi mawu omwewo, ndipo chomwe chimasintha ndi kutalika kokha ndi mmene chimayambira — nyimbo ya kagogoda imakhala pamalo pake.
Mmene amaimbira zimanena mmene mawu amayambira ndi kutalika kwake kogwiridwa. Sizisintha nthawi imene amabwera kapena mawu ati amene ali: mawu anayi a gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi amaimirira pamalo omwewo pa chithunzi chilichonse cha tsamba ili, ndipo kanayi ndi mawu omwewo. Chimene chimasintha ndi kutalika kumene kumamveka kwenikweni mkati mwa mtengo wolembedwa ndi mphamvu ya kuyamba. Poyamba pamaimirira mawonekedwe opanda chizindikiro — umenewo ndi muyeso umene zonse zina zimamveredwa nawo.
Popanda chizindikiro
Kanayi mawu omwewo, pamwamba palibe kanthu. Mawu aliwonse amaima pang’ono chisanafike chotsatira — kanjira kakang’ono kameneka ndi gawo la kuimba kwachizolowezi ndipo sikadali staccato. Ndi mawonekedwe amenewa amene zonse zina zimayezedwa nawo.
Staccato
Kadontho pamwamba kapena pansi pa mutu wa mawu: mawu amamveka pafupifupi hafu ya kutalika kolembedwa, ndipo zotsala za mtengowo ndi bata. Ndi chizindikiro cha mmene amaimbira chopezeka kwambiri kuposa zonse, ndipo sichitanthauza liwiro lina konse — mawu ofupika basi.
Staccatissimo
Chikwangwani chaching’ono, nsonga yodzaza m’malo mwa kadontho: chachifupi monga mmene chida chimaloleza, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a mtengo wolembedwa. M’mabuku akale chikwangwanichi nthawi zambiri chimaimirira pamene amatanthauza staccato wamba — chaka cha 1800 chisanafike zizindikiro ziwirizi sizinalekanitsidwe bwinobwino.
Portato
Mzere ndi kadontho limodzi pamwamba pa mawu amodzi: onyamulidwa, komabe olekanitsidwa. Mawu amagwiridwa pafupifupi mokwanira kenako amathetsedwa momveka bwino — njira yapakati imene a ku France amaitcha louré. Pa chida cha uta, uta umakhalabe pa chingwe nthawi imeneyo.
Tenuto
Mzere wogona: mawu amagwiridwa ndi mtengo wake wonse, mpaka kachigawo kotsiriza ka nthawi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalandiranso kulemera pang’ono. Chosiyana ndi kadontho — ndipo ndi nkhani yokhayo pa tsamba lino pamene palibe chimene chimachotsedwa.
Kupanikiza
Chikwangwani chogona: mawu amayambitsidwa mwamphamvu kuposa oyandikana nawo koma amasunga kutalika kolembedwa ndendende. Kutsindika kuli pa kuyamba, osati pa kutalika; kukankha kumeneko kutatha mawu amabwereranso ku mphamvu yake yachizolowezi.
Marcato
Nsonga yoimirira: yamphamvu kuposa kutsindika ndipo kuwonjezera pamenepo yachifupinso — yolembedwa, yakuthwa, yolekanitsidwa molimba. Chosiyanitsa ndi kuphatikiza kwa ziwirizi: marcato wopanda kufupika amamveka wamphamvu kokha, wopanda kuthwa amamveka wotsindikidwa kokha.
Legato ndi mzere wokhota
Mzere wopinda pamwamba pa mawu angapo: amadutsana wina ndi mnzake popanda kudulika, mawu aliwonse amapitiriza mpaka otsatira alowe. Pansi pa mzere wopinda ndi mawu oyamba okha amene amayambitsidwa; pa zida za uta izi zikutanthauza kukoka uta kamodzi kwa onse, pa zida zoimbira ndi mpweya kukhudza lilime kamodzi pachiyambi.
Chizindikiro chimasintha chiyani kwenikweni
Kadontho pamwamba pa mawu kamachepetsa kutalika kwa mawu, osati kuwathamangitsa. Mawu otsatira amabweranso pa kagogoda kake — chimene chimatsala pakati ndi bata. Amene m’malo mwake apitiriza msanga sanaimbe staccato koma wasintha liwiro. Ndi zimenezo zenizeni zimene batani lomvetsera limveketsa pano: mayambidwe ali pamalo amodzi m’zithunzi zonse zisanu ndi zitatu.
Kufupika kwa staccato kumadalira liwiro ndi chida. Pa vayolini kumachokera pakukweza uta, pa piyano pakusiya kiyi, pa zida zoimbira ndi mpweya kuchokera pa lilime — chizindikiro chimodzi, mayendedwe atatu osiyana. Palibe buku lofalitsa limene limapereka nambala, chifukwa nambala yotereyi kulibe: chizindikiro chimanena kuti kufupika kuposa zolembedwa, ndipo zotsala ndi nkhani ya kukoma ndi ya kuchita masewera.
Mizere iwiri yopinda imene si mmene amaimbira
Mzere wopinda wa legato umaoneka ngati Mzere wolumikiza ndendende, ndipo awiriwa amasokonezedwa nthawi zonse: mzere womangira umalumikiza mawu awiri a utali womwewo kukhala mawu amodzi aatali, pomwe mzere wa mawu amagwiritsira ntchito mawu osiyana ndipo umangonena kuti amadutsana wina ndi mnzake popanda kudulika. Choncho mawu awiri ofanana pansi pa mzere wopinda amakhala omangidwa nthawi zonse. Ndipo Fermata si nkhani ya mmene amaimbira n’komwe koma nkhani ya nthawi: imayimitsa mtengo wolembedwa mpaka pamene woimba akufuna.
Zizindikiro za noti · Mphamvu ya mawu · Zokongoletsa · Mawu a nyimbo
Anotona amakuchitirani izi
Jambulani pepala la nyimbo kapena imbani nyimboyo — Anotona amazindikira kiyi, amalemba mawu a nyimbo, ndipo amawasuntha ku kiyi ina iliyonse. Kwaulere.
Onani AnotonaMawu aliwonse a nyimbo patsamba lino anawerengedwa, sanakopedwe kwina.