Zokongoletsa
Zokongoletsa zisanu ndi chimodzi, chilichonse chosemedwa kawiri: chizindikiro monga momwe chimasindikizidwira ndi malo omwewo olembedwa mu noti — zonse ziwiri zimamveka, ndipo zonse ziwiri zimatenga nthawi yofanana ndendende.
Chizindikiro chimodzi pamwamba pa noti, ndipo kuchokera ku mawu amodzi pamakhala anayi. Chokongoletsa sichilamula mawu ena, koma njira yoimbira mawu amodzi amenewa: mtengo wolembedwa umakhalabe wathunthu, ndipo chizindikiro chimanena zomwe zikuchitika mkati mwake. Chokongoletsa chilichonse chili pano kawiri — monga momwe chimasindikizidwira, ndipo pansi pake cholembedwa mu noti. Mitundu iwiri imatenga nthawi yofanana; kumvetsera imodzi pambuyo pa inzake ndiye kumene kumapangitsa kuti mtunda pakati pa cholembedwa ndi mawu umveke.
Trill
Noti yayikulu ndi mnzake wa pamwamba zimasinthana mofulumira momwe zingakhalire zoyera. Chizindikiro sichinena kuti kusinthana kuli kangati; kwalembedwa pano ngati awiriawiri anayi, ndipo mtengo wa noti umakhalabe womwewo ndendende.
Mordent yapamwamba
Sitepe limodzi lofulumira kupita mmwamba ndi kubwerera, kenako noti yayikulu imakhalabe. Chizindikiro ndi mzere wokhotakhota wosalala wopanda kamzere. Sitepe limenelo silitenga nthawi yoposa kuphethira kwa diso — chotsalira chonse cha mtengo ndi cha noti yayikulu.
Mordent
Chimodzimodzi kutsika: kamodzi mwachidule kufika kwa mnzake wa pansi ndi kubwerera pomwepo. Chizindikiro chimanyamula kamzere koyimirira pakati pa mzere wokhotakhota. Kusiyana kwake ndi mordent yapamwamba n’kokhako, ndipo n’kosavuta kuti diso likuphonye.
Gruppetto
Mawu anayi mozungulira noti yolembedwa: mnzake wa pamwamba, noti yayikulu, mnzake wa pansi, noti yayikulu. Ngati chizindikiro chili pamwamba pa noti, kuzungulira kumayamba pomwepo; ngati chili kumbuyo kwake, noti yomwe imamveka poyamba ndipo kuzungulira kumabwera kumapeto.
Noti yaing’ono yaifupi
Noti yaing’ono ili ndi kamzere kodutsa mbendera yake ndipo imaimbidwa yaifupi momwe zingathekere. Pa noti yayikulu simatenga chilichonse kwenikweni: imagwera pa kugunda, ndipo noti yayikulu imatsatira pomwepo.
Noti yaing’ono yayitali
Noti yaing’ono yopanda kamzere si chokongoletsa cham’mphepete, koma ndi mawu okhala chirere. Imatenga hafu ya mtengo wa noti yayikulu — magawo awiri pa atatu ngati ili ndi kadontho — ndipo pokhapo imathetsedwa. Yalembedwa yaing’ono, koma ndi yomweyo imene imamveka.
Kuchokera pamwamba kapena pa noti yayikulu?
Apa ndi pamene maganizo amasiyana: kodi trill imayamba pa noti yolembedwa kapena pa mnzake wa pamwamba? M’nthawi ya baroque, ngakhale kwa Mozart, imayamba kuchokera pamwamba — chokongoletsa pamenepo ndi kukokana komwe kumathetsedwa pambuyo pake. M’zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, kuyambira Hummel ndi Chopin, imayamba pa noti yayikulu. Zithunzi zili pano zikuonetsa kuwerenga kwatsopano; m’nyimbo zakale, kuyang’ana mawu oyamba a kusindikiza ndi gawo la ntchito, ndipo kusindikiza kwabwino kumanena zimenezo pomwepo.
Kuti mawu angati angalowe mu chokongoletsa chimodzi, palibe chizindikiro chimene chimanena. Zimadalira liwiro ndi chida: chimene chalembedwa pano ngati kusinthana kanayi chidzakhala chochepa m’gawo lachifatse ndi chochuluka m’gawo lofulumira.
Ziwiri zimene sizingalembedwe mu noti
Mumzere umenewu mukusowa zizindikiro ziwiri, Arpeggio ndi Glissando, ndipo chifukwa chimodzi: alibe mawu okhazikika. Mzere wamafunde patsogolo pa kodi umanena kuti mawu ake amabwera motsatizana — osati kuti mofulumira bwanji. Mzere pakati pa noti ziwiri umanena kuti njira yapakati imamvekanso — pa piyano ndi makiyi amene ali panjira, pa violin ndi kuterera kopanda masitepe. Chimene chili pakati chimasankhidwa ndi chida, ndipo n’chifukwa chake sichingaikidwe mu noti.
Zizindikiro za noti · Mphamvu ya mawu · Kutalika kwa noti · Mawu a nyimbo
Anotona amakuchitirani izi
Jambulani pepala la nyimbo kapena imbani nyimboyo — Anotona amazindikira kiyi, amalemba mawu a nyimbo, ndipo amawasuntha ku kiyi ina iliyonse. Kwaulere.
Onani AnotonaMawu aliwonse a nyimbo patsamba lino anawerengedwa, sanakopedwe kwina.