Chichewa

Gitala

Khosi la gitala

Mawu aliwonse pa chingwe chilichonse cha gitala, kuchokera pa nati mpaka fureti ya khumi ndi ziwiri. Ndi malamulo omwe amawapeza, ndi tebulo: mawu ati ali kuti.

Mapu

123456789101112EFF#GG#AA#BCC#DD#EAA#BCC#DD#EFF#GG#ADD#EFF#GG#AA#BCC#DGG#AA#BCC#DD#EFF#GBCC#DD#EFF#GG#AA#BEFF#GG#AA#BCC#DD#E

Mawu oyambira odzaza, a shapu ngati mphete. Mawu aliwonse a shapu alinso ndi dzina la fulati: F♯ ndi G♭, A♯ ndi B♭.

Zingwe zotseguka

Kuchokera pa chingwe chotsika kwambiri mpaka chokwera kwambiri: E – A – D – G – B – E. Zingwe zisanu ndi chimodzi zimakonzedwa mu magawo achinayi — pakati pa chachitatu ndi chachiwiri pokha ndi pamene pali gawo lachitatu lalikulu. Ndichifukwa chake pokonza, fureti imadumpha pomwepo.

Malamulo anayi ophunzirira khosi

Hafu ya mawu kapena mawu athunthu

Pakati pa E ndi F komanso pakati pa B ndi C pali fureti imodzi, pakati pa oyandikana ena onse pali ziwiri. Amene akudziwa izi angathe kupitiriza kuwerenga kuchokera pa chingwe chilichonse chotseguka.

Fureti ya khumi ndi ziwiri ndiyo oktavu

Pa fureti ya khumi ndi ziwiri chingwe chilichonse chimamveka oktavu imodzi pamwamba pa chotseguka — pambuyo pake mapu amabwereranso kuchokera pachiyambi. Ndichifukwa chake kudziwa mafureti khumi ndi awiri ndikokwanira.

Fureti yachisanu ndiye chingwe chotsatira

Pa fureti yachisanu pamamveka mawu a chingwe chotseguka chotsatira — pa chingwe cha G pokha ndi chachinayi, chifukwa mpaka chingwe cha B pali gawo lachitatu lalikulu lokha. Umu ndi mmene gitala imakonzedwera ndi iyo yomwe.

Ma oktavu ali zingwe ziwiri kutsogolo

Kuchokera pa zingwe za E ndi A: zingwe ziwiri kumwamba ndi mafureti awiri kumwamba ndi mawu omwewo oktavu imodzi pamwamba. Kuchokera pa zingwe za D ndi G ndi mafureti atatu, chifukwa chingwe cha B chili pakati.

Mawu ati ali kuti

MawuChingwe ndi fureti
C②1 · ⑤3 · ③5 · ①8 · ⑥8 · ④10
C#②2 · ⑤4 · ③6 · ①9 · ⑥9 · ④11
D④0 · ②3 · ⑤5 · ③7 · ①10 · ⑥10 · ④12
D#④1 · ②4 · ⑤6 · ③8 · ①11 · ⑥11
E①0 · ⑥0 · ④2 · ②5 · ⑤7 · ③9 · ①12 · ⑥12
F①1 · ⑥1 · ④3 · ②6 · ⑤8 · ③10
F#①2 · ⑥2 · ④4 · ②7 · ⑤9 · ③11
G③0 · ①3 · ⑥3 · ④5 · ②8 · ⑤10 · ③12
G#③1 · ①4 · ⑥4 · ④6 · ②9 · ⑤11
A⑤0 · ③2 · ①5 · ⑥5 · ④7 · ②10 · ⑤12
A#⑤1 · ③3 · ①6 · ⑥6 · ④8 · ②11
B②0 · ⑤2 · ③4 · ①7 · ⑥7 · ④9 · ②12

Zingwe zimawerengedwa kuchokera mbali ya woimba: ① ndi chokwera kwambiri, ⑥ ndi chotsika kwambiri. Mu »⑤3« bwalo likuyimira chingwe ndipo nambala ikuyimira fureti; »0« ndi chingwe chotseguka.

Kupitiriza

Anotona amakuchitirani izi

Jambulani pepala la nyimbo kapena imbani nyimboyo — Anotona amazindikira kiyi, amalemba mawu a nyimbo, ndipo amawasuntha ku kiyi ina iliyonse. Kwaulere.

Onani Anotona

Mawu aliwonse a nyimbo patsamba lino anawerengedwa, sanakopedwe kwina.